Tool for surfacing journal-box ends



J. H. LEWlS. TOOL FOR SURFACING JOURNAL BOX ENDS. I

` Arnucmon man ocr. 2. mo. 4 1,413,920. Ptentedpr..25,1921

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Toon non sumno'me JouRNALfBoX Enns.

'ng the ends of journal boxes after relining the same, as by Babbitt metal, by' cutting away superfluous metal there so as to make the bearingy conform to the lShape of the journal at the journal box ends.

In Vautomobile'.practice the main crank shaft bearings require-relining with Babbitt' metal from time to' time.

In suchpractice after the babbitt is poured'into 'the-journal box frames respectively la cutting tool is applied and Wthe babbitt is resurfaced longitudinally to conformtoth'e cylindrical shape of the journals respectively. After this has been done it is found that'there is still aconsiderable quantity of the Babbitt metal pro# jecting longitudinallyof the bearing at the ends, which excess metal is in the form of a half ring of irregular shape and of'varying width inthe'diametric directions, it being integralwith the lining` andsubstantially adhering to the iron casting constituting the frame of the box; Y *i Beforel the crank can be applied to these bearings this'excessmetal'at the ends of the box must be removed. The operation-berc tofore employedfor this purpose consists in chipping the 'metal away with a cold chisel and hammer until the desired surface is approximately reachedand then usinga hand file and'scraper togive the bearing the de-,

sired exactlength' defined bythe length of the' journal. Furthermore, thesecrank shaft journals are invariably yprovided with an annularcollar or stepped-up offset por tionr which merges gradually into the bearing surfaceof the journal, the metal there,

being/known as a fillet', the fillets beingat the ends respectively'of `each journal. To enable the shaft tocome down properly upon the main surface of the bearing it is neces-V sary to remove the corner metalat the endS of the box, and in such a' niceand exact way as to give the fillets on the journal the proper y Specification of Letters Patent..y Patented Apr, '25, '19212, j Appunti@ filed catchers, iezonjserial No. 414,321. f

bearingjsurfaces in the box, consideration i being had ofthe lfact that if the amount of metal removed be not ofthe proper amount f and at the proper places 'the crank-shaft willeither bindv orwill 'have longitudinalv play. The operation heretofore lof'cuttingaway this corner metal to accommodate the fillet mentioned consists in using rst a half roundV file for rough work andthen a "hand scraper, and in making the desired fit the fillet portions ofthe bearings are coated if;

withl some substance such as vchalk, lam]t y Y black org'lfrussianblueinpasty form and the'v shaft then applied-to the bearings and the 'shaft rockedor rotated, whereupon on removal of the shaft the bearings indicate the high places thereon, and vthese vvare, yone one, removed by the f'scraper,the operation being, repeated until finally the shaftffits down accurately,f that is,- iftheworkhas been carefully done by a skilled mechanic.

In this connection it is pointed outfthaty the 4operation justk mentioned is rendered more than ordinarily difficult from the fact? that all of the three, four or lmore V"aligning bearings mustbe worked away substantially f simultaneously*so that the shaft Willfcome down substantially equally at each end. "It

needs l'hardly to ,be mentioned that j this method of littingthesejournals to the boxes is exceedingly-costly of time. and'labonand that where the work is attempted tobeper#v formedby any one but a skilled' in'echan'icit is 'unsatisfactory in the end.' c My present invention :hasffor'i'ts objects the provision. of a simple, relatively cheap, strong and durable tool which maybe easily and conveniently applied and 'operatedby anyone having'even a rudimentary -knowle` edgeV of mechanics, and which will effeo-V ,Y tively, and in an exceedinglybrief period of time, at once removethe excesslining metal overflowing the box frame :and cut a true and accurate -surface for the fillet,- thus saving Amuch expense'and producingV .whatd .aref-T would be` mechanically; considere fect job. f

@In the accompanying vdrawings"which i 'vi 100, j

form `a part Vof this specification, 'Figure l is a fragmentary top planoflrwhat Vmay `be Considered@automobil'iouel textrm@ as it ordinarily appears after the babbitting operation, my preferred form of resurfacing device, with a part of the pilot bearing member broken away, being shown in operative position; Fig. 2 is a medial vertical section of the parts of Fig. 1 as on the line 2-2 thereof; Fig. 8 is a vertical section on the line 3 3 of Fig, 2 or a vhorizontal section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4. is a face view of the cutter, the shaft being sectionally shown; and Fig. 5 shows a horizontal top view, similar to that of Fig. 1, of fragments of a babbitted bearing `box with my improved tool in operative position, the cutter being diagrammatically shown, this figureshowing a modification of the pilot stem holding means.

The .bearing box frame and the babbitt lining 11 are to be considered of ordinary and u'sualform, and the excess end metal at 12 is shown .as an irregular overlapping mass, as it usually appears.

My improved resurfacing tool as illustrated comprises a cylindrical shaft 15 having a cross pieceor handle 16, another cross v piece or locking rod 17, preferably `held tightly in a diametric vhole in the sha-ft, and the cutter 18, which has a diametric recess at 19 adapted to accommodate the vcross pin 17, the lcutter 18 being sufficiently loosely mounted upon the shaft so that it may readily yloe removed.. The shaft l15 extends for ward beyondthe cutter, the partbeyond the cutter constituting a pilot steml20. When the shaft -is rotated in the cutting operation the pin 17 .not only carries the cutter with the .shaft but conveys to thecutter the thrust or `pressure exerted by the hand which feeds the cutter into the work.

The cutter 18 is a steel cylindrical device having a plurality of teeth 22, the teeth respectively having a cutting edge at 23 which cutting edge is in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis .of the shaft 15, and

' this. cutting `edge 23 is adapted to operate uponV the surplus -metal 12, shaving it olf until it is all removed or until as much thereof is removed as may be desired. These cut vting edges 23 are therefore adapted to shorten the. babbitt of the 'bearing until it fits snugly between the shoulders of the journal. rlhe cutter is also provided with-a for wardl'y projecting part 2d composed of forlward extensions vof the teeth 23 and Vwhich teeth extensions rhave cutting edges which arecurved inwardly and forwardly at 25 in exact conformity with theshape ofthe fillet on the journal. Y

In the preferred construction the pilot stem 2O 'is .held ,by means ofthe bearing mem.- ber 30 comprising a plate-like part gland an integral substantially `semi-cylindrical part 32, the plate being provided with a pair of studs 33 adapted tointerfit accurately with the .holes .of the journal bex frame lu some automobiles, such as the well-known Forde the journal box caps are held by two bolts in holes as 34, and these holes are substantially accurately vpositioned with a line connecting their centers at right angles to the axis of the bearing, this axis being ,indicated at 375 Fig. 2. A hole 36 is bored in the pilot stem bearing member 3.0, the

hole being coaxial with the bearing surface of the journal box when the pilot stem holder 30 is resting on top of `the box 10 with the studs 33 in the holes 34. f This hole 86 accommodates the pilot stem 2O with a neat fitfor rotation therein.

In using the device of Fig. 1 ,the babbitt 11 is Afiled away at its top edges ,3.9 ig. 2) until these edges are flush with the top of the box. rlhe bearing `'member 30 is 'then applied as shown in the drawings Vand held down firmly upon the journal box with one hand while with theA other the pilot stein 2O `is inserted in the hole-36 and the cut-ter is rotated by means of the handle, the cutter being at-the same time forced'into ,the work. A few turns of the cutter aresuificient to re;T move the excess metal 12 and simultaneously cut the fillet way shown at 40, Fig. '5. When the operation is completed jat kone end yof the bearing the Vcutter is simply withdrawn.

and inserted in the holder 30 from the other direction and the operation repeated.

According to Fig. 5 the means disclosed for holding the pilot stem 2O are shown as a cylindrical tube or sleeve a1, the voutside Aof which has the diameter of the .journalY and of the bearing surface 87. The longitudinal hole-through the vsleeve is coax-.iai with the bearingand accommodates rotatably the pilot stem 20. In operation the sleeve 4:1 is held in the bearing `directly upon the bearing surface and constitutes an accurate guide and support for 'thecutter -in its desired position. Y

I claim: v

1. In a hand tool .for surfacing theend of a journal box, the combination of a cutter formed to `remove metal at -the end of the box on lines substantially at rightangles to the axis of the'bearing and also formed to remove corner metal at the Vend of the box" adjacent. to `the bear-ing Vfor a fillet lon the journal, pilot means coaxial with the cutter vand adapted to be held `in coaxialarrangebox on .lines substantially atright angles to 'i the axis of the bearingand `also formed to remove vcorner Imetal at the end olfvfthejgbox adjacent to the bearing for a fillet on the journal, apilot coaxial with the `cutter, l,ay bearing kmember for the pilot, said V.bearing member .being adapt-ed toftt uren the :box 13.0

which is to bear there upon the box, a shaft 4 on which the cutter is coaxiallyY and realilyr removably mounted, constituting a pilot,

one end of the shaft 10 a bearing member for the pilot,the bearing member having means for holding it upon the box With the pilot in coaxial arrangement With the bearing, and` hand-operable means for rotating the cutter. 1-5y JAMES R.y 

